Endoscopic surgery in patients with congenital cholesteatoma.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2025v7n10p1700-1712Keywords:
: Autism, Early Diagnosis, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Early Intervention, Neurodevelopment.Abstract
Introduction: Congenital cholesteatoma (CC) is uncommon and, when confined to the middle ear, transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES) offers visual advantages in hidden recesses with minimal invasion. Objective: To review the efficacy, safety, and functional outcomes of TEES in CC, its optimal indications and limits versus conventional approaches, and the role of imaging in surveillance. Methods: Qualitative systematic review following the PRISMA 2020 model, based on studies indexed in PubMed between 2015 and 2025. Primary studies on TEES in CC were included, with outcomes on disease control, complications, and hearing. Results and Discussion: Thirteen studies were analyzed; pure TEES predominated in CC confined to the middle ear. Residual/recurrence rates were low to moderate and complications were rare, with favorable hearing outcomes (PTA/ABG). Comparative studies showed non-inferior performance of TEES versus microscopy in limited disease. Case selection is crucial; when there is extension to the antrum/mastoid, a combined or microscopic approach may be preferable, while retaining endoscopy for inspection of recesses. Limitations. Predominantly retrospective designs, heterogeneity in staging, and relatively short follow-up. Conclusion: In limited CC, TEES is a first-line option due to its balance of disease control, low morbidity, and favorable hearing outcomes; standardized prospective studies are needed to consolidate the evidence.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Katerin del Rosario Sepúlveda López , David Procardo Cuaran Montenegro , Dennys Fernando Hinojosa Pilco , Sara Karina Zambrano Bravo , Marisol Julissa Serrano Durán
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