Diagnóstico y tratamiento del Condrosarcoma de hueso temporal: Una revisión de la literatura.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2025v7n10p1713-1733Keywords:
temporal bone; chondrosarcoma; skull base; facial nerve; cochlea.Abstract
Introduction: Temporal bone chondrosarcoma is a rare skull-base cartilage tumor with slow growth and substantial morbidity due to its proximity to critical neurovascular structures. Objective: To synthesize evidence on epidemiology, imaging, pathology/biomarkers, treatment, and outcomes of temporal chondrosarcoma. Methods: PRISMA-guided systematic review of PubMed (1990–2025; English/Spanish). Adults with skull-base chondrosarcoma involving the temporal bone were included; original clinical/diagnostic/therapeutic studies were eligible. Results and Discussion: CT identifies a chondroid matrix with “ring-and-arc” calcifications; MRI shows lobulated, T2-hyperintense lesions; DWI (higher ADC) helps distinguish chondrosarcoma from chordoma. Pathology confirms conventional grades (G1–G3) and aggressive variants; S100/SOX9 positive and brachyury negative support diagnosis; IDH1/2, TP53, and HEY1::NCOA2 provide diagnostic/prognostic value. Surgery is first-line, prioritizing hearing and facial nerve (VII) preservation. When R0 would entail excessive morbidity, planned subtotal resection (R1) plus conformal radiotherapy achieves good control; proton therapy (± carbon ions) improves the therapeutic index vs photons by reducing dose to the brainstem, cranial nerves, and cochlea. IMRT is acceptable where particles are unavailable, following ESTRO-ACROP contouring. Chemotherapy has a limited role, except for mesenchymal/dedifferentiated variants. Conclusion: Optimal management is multidisciplinary, integrating advanced imaging, molecular pathology, tailored skull-base approaches, and precision radiotherapy; outcomes depend on grade, size, margin status, and RT modality.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Katerin del Rosario Sepúlveda López , Carmen Leída Prado Matamba, Ricardo Martín Reyes Egas, Paulo David Peñafiel Reinoso , Sara Karina Zambrano Bravo
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