AUTOGENOUS DENTAL TRANSPLANT: ANALYSIS OF INDICATIONS, TECHNIQUES AND CLINICAL RESULTS.

Abstract

Autogenous tooth transplantation involves the surgical transfer of a tooth within the same individual and represents a predictable therapeutic alternative for tooth replacement in cases of agenesis, trauma, caries, or periodontal disease. This integrative review aimed to analyze the indications, contraindications, surgical and technical aspects, postoperative care, and clinical outcomes of autotransplantation, identifying predictive factors for success. A literature search was performed in PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, and Google Scholar databases, including publications between 1990 and 2023 in Portuguese and English. Clinical studies, case series, and systematic reviews addressing clinical and radiographic outcomes were included, while isolated case reports without sufficient data were excluded. Third molars and premolars were the most commonly used donor teeth, especially those with incomplete root formation, which favors pulp revascularization and root remodeling. The immediate technique, with minimal extraoral time and atraumatic periodontal ligament handling, showed higher integration rates, while non-rigid fixation and periodic radiographic follow-up reduced ankylosis and resorption. In teeth with closed apices, endodontic treatment performed between two and four weeks after transplantation decreased pulpal complications. The main reported complications were root resorption, ankylosis, and integration failure, emphasizing the importance of three-dimensional planning and careful case selection. It is concluded that autogenous tooth transplantation is a predictable and biologically advantageous technique when performed according to rigorous clinical protocols. Standardization of procedures and long-term studies are recommended to enhance predictability and clinical training.