Keywords
Herpes vírus
síndrome
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction: Herpes zoster is a viral disease caused by the reactivation of the Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and belongs to the Herpesviridae family. Herpes zoster can evolve into various conditions, one of which is Ramsay Hunt Syndrome (RHS), described in 1907 by neurologist James Ramsay Hunt. It occurs when herpes zoster affects the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve, commonly seen in patients over 50 years old and/or immunocompromised. Objectives: Analyze the current evidence about RHS type II, encompassing its definition, pathophysiology, diagnostic methods, and treatment. The goal is to encourage discussion to improve clinical management and provide benefits to patients. Methodology: A systematic review was carried out involved searching descriptors on the DeCS platform. These descriptors were applied to databases such as ResearchGate, BVSALUD, PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, Medline, and Google Scholar. 1091 scientific publications were found and 36 articles were selected. Results: The results indicated that VZV reactivation can be influenced by immunosuppression, physical or psychological stress, and conditions such as diabetes. RHS type II is the most common form of this condition, manifests itself by ipsilateral facial paralysis and severe neuralgia. Early diagnosis and treatment with corticosteroids and antivirals are crucial to prevent serious complications. Conclusion: RHS type II is a complication that requires immediate clinical attention to prevent lasting damage. The importance of early diagnosis and medical treatment is highlighted. Continued studies are crucial to improve clinical management and enhance the quality of life for affected patients.
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