O Monitoramento e conscientização de hiperglicemia e hipertensão arterial na população de Cachoeiro de Itapemirim - ES: Uma abordagem comunitária para prevenção e controle de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and diabetes mellitus (DM), have been increasing in Brazil, driven by modifiable risk factors such as smoking, poor diet, physical inactivity, and alcohol consumption. This increase, combined with population aging, has significantly impacted quality of life and the sustainability of the Unified Health System (SUS), which spent approximately R$3.45 billion on these conditions in 2018. Objective: To analyze the factors associated with the incidence of SAH and DM in people over 18 years of age in Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, Espírito Santo. Methodology: This is a descriptive and exploratory study with a quantitative approach. Data collection will be conducted through interviews and structured questionnaires, aiming to identify risk factors, lifestyle habits, and level of knowledge about the diseases. Campaigns will also be held to measure blood pressure and capillary blood glucose, as well as educational activities such as lectures and campaigns. The data obtained will be statistically analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of the interventions and contribute to public policy. Results: The study identified high rates of hypertension and diabetes in adults and older adults in the city, even among individuals with medical follow-up and regular medication use. The presence of multiple comorbidities was observed, increasing the complexity of care. Actions such as campaign campaigns and educational activities proved effective in screening and raising awareness of cardiovascular and metabolic health. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes is high, often associated with other conditions. Despite treatment adherence, clinical management remains a challenge. Screening, health education, and strengthening primary care stand out as fundamental strategies for early detection and combating NCDs, reinforcing the importance of ongoing public prevention policies.