PERDA AUDITIVA INDUZIDA POR RUÍDO: PREVENÇÃO, DIAGNÓSTICO PRECOCE E TRATAMENTOS EMERGENTES

Abstract

This article reviews the scientific literature on noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), focusing on prevention, early diagnosis, and emerging treatments. The research was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, using the terms "Noise-induced hearing loss, Prevention, Early diagnosis, Emerging treatments." The analysis reveals that noise-induced hearing loss is a progressive and irreversible condition caused by prolonged exposure to high sound levels, mainly in work, leisure, or music environments. Prevention is considered the most effective strategy, emphasizing the use of proper hearing protection and public awareness of noise risks. Furthermore, early diagnosis is crucial to halt the progression of the condition, with regular audiometric exams, especially in populations exposed to high noise levels. Advances in the treatment of NIHL include the development of pharmacological and genetic therapies, as well as the use of more sophisticated hearing devices, such as cochlear implants and hearing amplification systems. Recent studies also explore the potential of regenerative therapies, such as hair cell stimulation and stem cell therapy, showing promising results. These emerging approaches may, in the future, transform the treatment and recovery of hearing function in patients with NIHL.