IMPLEMENTATION OF HUMANIZATION PRACTICES IN THE NEONATAL ICU

Abstract

The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is a critical environment where premature newborns or infants with health complications receive intensive care. Humanization in this context is essential as it aims to promote the integration of the healthcare team with the family, respecting the individuality of the newborn and providing a welcoming environment. The main objective of this study is to analyze the implementation of humanization practices in the NICU. To achieve these objectives, we conducted an integrative review of the literature. We searched scientific databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Medline using keywords related to NICU, humanization, neonatal care, and family participation. Research articles, systematic reviews, and case studies published in the last 10 years were included. The selection of articles followed inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure relevance and study quality. The results of the review highlighted various humanization practices in the NICU. Rooming-in was identified as beneficial for the newborn's health and for strengthening the bond between parents and infants. Effective communication between the healthcare team and the family played a fundamental role in reducing anxiety and increasing parental involvement in infant care. Furthermore, the active presence and participation of the family in the NICU environment were considered essential for the humanization process. The training of the healthcare team in humanized approaches was identified as crucial. However, discussions also addressed barriers to the implementation of humanization practices, such as the lack of resources and inadequate physical infrastructure. The need for ongoing healthcare team training was emphasized to ensure adherence to humanized approaches. Humanization in the NICU not only improves the health outcomes of infants but also strengthens the bond between the family and the medical team, promoting a more compassionate and humanized care environment. Therefore, the continuity and expansion of these practices are essential for the quality of neonatal care. Overcoming the identified barriers and investing in ongoing training are important steps in promoting humanization in the NICU and ensuring the best possible care for newborns and their families.