PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS TRAUMAS BUCOMAXILOFACIAIS E SUA VARIABILIDADE SAZONAL EM UM HOSPITAL DE REFERÊNCIA

Abstract

Maxillofacial trauma constitutes a significant public health problem due to its high frequency and the functional and aesthetic impacts it causes to patients. Understanding its epidemiological profile contributes to the planning of preventive and care measures aimed at the population. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of maxillofacial trauma in terms of year, month, day of the week, time of day, and anatomical regions affected in patients treated by the maxillofacial traumatology service of the Deputado Janduhy Carneiro Regional Hospital, located in the city of Patos, in the interior of Paraíba state. This is a cross-sectional study, conducted through the analysis of medical records of patients treated at the aforementioned hospital service. Data were obtained through direct documentation and analyzed descriptively and inferentially. The sample consisted of 332 medical records. It was observed that 53.9% of traumas occurred in 2016, while 46.1% were recorded in 2017. Regarding the months, regardless of the year, December (13.6%) and September (11.7%) showed the highest frequencies of occurrence, while November showed the lowest prevalence (4.2%). As for the days of the week, the highest frequencies occurred on Mondays (22.6%) and Sundays (16.9%), while the lowest percentages were observed on Saturdays (10.5%) and Tuesdays (10.8%). Regarding the anatomical regions affected, the middle third of the face was the most affected, corresponding to 64.8% of cases, followed by the lower third (21.4%) and the upper third (2.4%). The results obtained allow us to understand the epidemiological profile of maxillofacial trauma in the studied population, highlighting the influence of temporal and anatomical factors on the occurrence of these injuries.