Suplementação de cálcio rotineira versus seletiva após tireoidectomia total e suas repercussões cardíacas: uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2026v8n8p372-387Keywords:
Cálcio, Tireoidectomia, suplemetaçãoAbstract
Introdução: A hipocalcemia é a complicação mais frequente da tireoidectomia total, exigindo estratégias de manejo para mitigar riscos. Embora muitas vezes transitória, a queda nos níveis séricos de cálcio pode desencadear arritmias cardíacas graves, tornando o controle eletrolítico crucial para a segurança do paciente. Objetivo: Esta revisão tem como objetivo analisar a eficácia da suplementação rotineira em comparação à seletiva, visando minimizar o tempo de internação e prevenir arritmias induzidas por distúrbios do cálcio. Metodologia: Esse estudo é uma revisão sistemática, tendo o auxílio da estratégia de busca PICO. Realizamos uma busca ativa nas bases de dados National Library of Medicine (PubMed) e Excerpta Medica Database (Embase) com os descritores “Routine or Selective”, “Calcium” e “Total Thyroidectomy”. Como critérios de inclusão foram utilizados artigos contendo estudos em humanos, estudos observacionais (transversais, coorte, caso-controle), relatos de casos e ensaios clínicos publicados nos últimos cinco anos. Como critérios de exclusão foram utilizados estudos em animais e revisões. O estudo segue as seguintes etapas: formular a questão de pesquisa, realizar uma revisão da literatura para encontrar estudos relevantes, selecionar estudos que atendam aos critérios de inclusão estabelecidos, coletar dados sobre variáveis pré-determinadas dos estudos selecionados, avaliar os métodos desses estudos, sintetizar adequadamente os dados, avaliar a qualidade das evidências e a força das recomendações com base nos resultados do estudo e, finalmente, preparar e publicar os resultados. Resultados: A pesquisa de artigos realizada identificou 447 referências, destas, 190 encontradas na base de dados PUBMED e 257 encontradas na base de dados Embase. Por conseguinte, foram selecionadas 42 referências sem duplicatas que abordam a temática acerca da suplementação de cálcio em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de retirada da tireoide, das quais 11 publicações foram escolhidas por título e incluídas nessa pesquisa. Conclusão: Recomenda-se a conduta seletiva baseada em critérios laboratoriais e clínicos para evitar o uso desnecessário de fármacos. Contudo, a administração de cálcio e vitamina D é recomendada para pacientes de alto risco ou com PTH pós-operatório reduzido, visando prevenir complicações sistêmicas
Palavras-chave: Cácio, Tireoidectomia, Suplementação
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Copyright (c) 2026 Mari Edeline veras Dourado, Viviane Gonçalves Furtado, Ricardo Gonçalves de Holanda , Laís Mota da Silva, Sabrina Rodrigues De Oliveira , Hélder Francisco Froi Chicucua , Rodrigo Pires Monteiro, Eduarda Veronezi
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