Micose: uma análise epidemiológica no Paraná de 2015 a 2025

Abstract

Fungi have the potential to affect multiple organs. While superficial and cutaneous forms are restricted to localized manifestations, invasive infections can spread throughout the body, leading to severe and potentially fatal conditions. In this sense, in 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) published the first list of priority fungal pathogens threatening global health. Given the relevance of mycosis as a public health problem, the present study aimed to analyze the epidemiological profile of mycosis in Paraná between 2015 and 2025, considering variables such as year of occurrence, race/ethnicity, age group, sex, number of hospitalizations, and deaths. The methodology employed was based on a quantitative and retrospective analysis using data available from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). The results indicated a higher prevalence of hospitalizations in 2016, especially among individuals over 60 years of age, males, and self-declared white individuals. In addition, it was possible to observe a lower number of hospitalizations and deaths due to mycosis during the COVID-19 pandemic, due to limited access to health services and the prioritization of care focused on viral infection. It is concluded that mycoses have high epidemiological relevance, highlighting the need to improve research in order to expand knowledge about the disease, especially regarding the development of fungal resistance, contributing to the preservation of drug effectiveness and the development of new therapeutic options.