Epidemiological Profile of Hospital Morbity from Parkinson’s Disease by Sex and Age in Brazil

Abstract

Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, resulting in motor and non-motor impairments that significantly affect patients' quality of life. It is considered the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease worldwide and is strongly associated with population aging. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological profile of hospital morbidity due to Parkinson's disease in Brazil, considering sex and age group variables between 2021 and 2024. This is a descriptive, retrospective epidemiological study with a quantitative approach based on secondary data obtained from the Hospital Information System of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SIH/SUS), available through the DATASUS platform. Hospitalizations classified under ICD-10 code G20, corresponding to Parkinson's disease, were analyzed, focusing on the age groups of 50 to 59 years and 60 to 69 years. The results showed a predominance of hospitalizations in the 60 to 69 age group, as well as a higher number of cases among males throughout the analyzed period. A progressive increase in the total number of hospitalizations was also observed over the years studied, indicating a growing epidemiological burden of the disease. It is concluded that Parkinson's disease represents a significant impact on hospital morbidity in Brazil, particularly among older adults and males, highlighting the need to strengthen strategies for prevention, early diagnosis, and appropriate clinical management.