EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON CARDIOVASCULAR AGING: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2026v8n3p1232-1258Keywords:
Aging; Exercise; Aged; Disease Prevention; Cardiovascular Diseases; Public Health.Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular aging is a multifactorial process characterized by structural, functional, and metabolic changes that substantially increase the risk of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the impacts of physical exercise on the cardiovascular health of older adults, with an emphasis on its pathophysiological mechanisms and cardioprotective effects. Methodology: This was an integrative literature review with searches conducted in the PubMed and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases, selecting original studies published between January 2020 and November 2025. Results: Evidence demonstrates that regular exercise modulates chronic low-grade inflammation, optimizes mitochondrial function, and reduces oxidative stress. Additionally, it was found that both aerobic and resistance interventions are effective in preserving endothelial function and reducing arterial stiffness, which translates into improved functional capacity, reduced blood pressure levels, and prevention of major cardiovascular events. Conclusion: Physical exercise is established as an essential and cost-effective non-pharmacological strategy, acting as a structural axis for the preservation of cardiovascular homeostasis and the promotion of healthy and autonomous aging.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Maria Alice Gimenes, Fernanda Loch Horbucz, Marcelo Henrique Correia
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