Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Characteristics of Impacted Permanent Canines with External Root Resorption of Adjacent Teeth

Abstract

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) enables accurate diagnosis of the location and severity of external root resorption (ERR), as well as the spatial position of impacted canines in relation to adjacent teeth. This study aimed to three-dimensionally evaluate retained permanent canines and their association with ERR in adjacent teeth using CBCT. A retrospective observational analysis was conducted on 48 CBCT scans of unerupted permanent canines obtained from the database of a private radiology clinic. The spatial position of the canines was assessed in axial, sagittal, and coronal planes. ERR in adjacent teeth was classified according to Ericson and Kurol, considering both severity and root location, and the affected adjacent teeth were identified. Comparative statistical analysis was performed using the chisquare exact test, with a significance level of 5%. Among the evaluated scans, 25 showed ERR in adjacent teeth. The highest prevalence was observed in lateral incisors (52%; n=13), followed by central incisors (28%; n=7) and first premolars (25%; n=5). Buccal position (56%; n=14) and mesioangular inclination (80%; n=20) were the most frequent findings among impacted canines. Regarding ERR location, the apical third was the most affected area (60%; n=15). Severity was classified as mild in 48% (n=12) of cases, moderate in 28% (n=7), and severe in 24% (n=6). No statistically significant association was found between ERR severity and canine position (p=0.8911) or inclination (p=0.7232). CBCT proved to be a valuable diagnostic tool for dental impaction and ERR, providing reliable three-dimensional information that supports safer and more predictable therapeutic planning.