MORTALIDADE POR DOENÇA ISQUÊMICA DO CORAÇÃO NO MUNICÍPIO DE UBERLÂNDIA-MG, 2010-2023

Abstract

Introduction: Ischemic heart diseases (IHD) are chronic conditions characterized by the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques in the arteries that supply the heart. IHD, also referred to as coronary artery disease, are considered one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide and are characterized by reduced blood flow to the myocardium, generally associated with obstruction of the coronary arteries. In Brazil, IHD present a high burden of mortality and important regional variations, which may be related to socioeconomic inequalities and differences in access to health services. Objective: To analyze the temporal trend of mortality due to ischemic heart diseases in the municipality of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2010 to 2023. Methods: This is an ecological, descriptive epidemiological study based on secondary data from the Mortality Information System (SIM/DATASUS). All deaths due to ischemic heart diseases that occurred in Uberlândia-MG between 2010 and 2023 were included. The variables analyzed were sex, age group, race/color, marital status, educational level, place of death occurrence, and year of record. Results: During the analyzed period, 5,311 deaths due to ischemic heart diseases were recorded in Uberlândia-MG. A higher frequency of deaths was observed among males (59.80%), individuals of white race/color (61.90%), and married individuals (38.67%). Individuals with lower educational levels presented a higher risk of death from this condition. The most affected age groups were individuals aged 60 years or older, with a higher concentration among those aged 80 years or more. The years 2018 and 2019 showed the highest absolute numbers of deaths. After 2019, a reduction in the number of records was observed in subsequent years, followed by a new increase in 2023. Conclusion: Ischemic heart diseases represent an important public health problem in Uberlândia-MG, predominantly affecting men, white individuals, and married people. The persistence of high mortality rates highlights the need to strengthen prevention strategies, early diagnosis, and access to treatment, considering the main risk factors and local inequalities.