DETERMINANTES SOCIAIS E AMBIENTAIS NA INCIDÊNCIA DO CÂNCER

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the influence of social and environmental determinants on cancer incidence, considering scientific evidence published between 2019 and 2025. Through an integrative literature review, it was identified that cancer development is deeply related to socioeconomic factors such as income, education, housing conditions, and access to health services, which directly interfere with exposure to risks and the possibility of early diagnosis. It was also observed that environmental degradation, characterized by exposure to air pollutants, industrial waste, heavy metals, pesticides, and water contaminants, plays a significant role in the increase of various types of cancer. Furthermore, it was found that populations in situations of greater social vulnerability tend to reside in more degraded areas with less environmental protection, which intensifies the risk of illness and contributes to inequalities in the distribution of the disease. The results reinforce the need for intersectoral policies that simultaneously address social inequalities, environmental surveillance, and the strengthening of primary health care, in order to promote healthier environments and reduce the incidence of cancer.