Adesão ao Tratamento Medicamentoso em Pacientes com Hiperfosfatemia e Doença Renal Crônica

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a condition that affects millions of people worldwide and is

considered an important public health issue. It is estimated that around 10% to 13% of the

global population has some degree of kidney impairment. This high prevalence reflects the

impact on quality of life, especially in advanced stages, where hyperphosphatemia

represents a significant challenge. This problem is associated with serious complications such

as vascular calcification, bone disorders, and increased mortality. Treatment involves diet

and phosphate-binding medications, but adherence to treatment is hampered by factors

such as lack of understanding, adverse reactions, and therapeutic complexity. The objective

of this study is to identify the main reasons for non-adherence to phosphorus-binder

medication in patients with CKD. This is an observational, quantitative, cross-sectional study

carried out through an online questionnaire with 19 open and closed questions. Participants

aged 18 or older, diagnosed with CKD and using phosphorus binders, were recruited via

WhatsApp. The research followed the ethical guidelines of Resolution No. 466 of 2012 of the

Brazilian Ministry of Health. The study was conducted with patients diagnosed with Chronic

Kidney Disease, with an average age of around 50 years and a predominance of males. A

considerable portion of the participants showed irregular adherence to the use of

phosphorus binders. The main barriers to adherence included difficulty maintaining an

appropriate diet, the high number and large size of the pills, as well as frequently forgetting

doses. Adherence to phosphorus-binder treatment in CKD patients remains limited by

practical difficulties, adverse effects, and gaps in understanding. Strengthening health

education, providing guidance, and ensuring family support are essential to improving

hyperphosphatemia control and the quality of life of these patients.