Panorama das cesarianas no Brasil na última década: análise ecológica das regiões
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2025v7n9p444-462Keywords:
Cesárea, Parto, saúdeAbstract
Introduction: The increase in cesarean section rates in Brazil goes beyond the WHO recommendation, with implications for maternal and neonatal health. Factors such as salaries of professionals and socioeconomic characteristics of pregnant women are important for this increase. Objective: To analyze the evolution of cesarean delivery rates in Brazil between 2014 and 2023, considering the regional differences and sociodemographic characteristics of pregnant women. the rates of cesarean sections in Brazil between 2014 and 2023. Methodology: Ecological study with data from the Live Birth Information System (SINASC), covering all regions of Brazil. More than 44 million deliveries were analyzed. Cesarean section rates per 100,000 live births were calculated and evaluated with JoinPoint regression to identify temporal trends. Variables such as age, education, marital status, color/ethnicity, gestation time, birth weight and Apgar were described through descriptive statistics and analyzed with association tests. Results: Between 2014 and 2023, 48.19% of deliveries were cesarean sections, with higher rates in the Midwest, South and Southeast regions. After a brief drop or stability until 2015, an increase in rates was observed from 2016, except in the South region, which maintained stability. Most cesarean sections occurred among pregnant women aged 20 to 34 years and complete high school, indicating prevalence even among low-risk women. Despite good immediate outcomes, such as adequate weight and satisfactory Apgar, the high number of cesarean sections without clinical indication suggests a strong influence of non-medical factors. Conclusion:The findings reinforce the importance of reevaluating obstetric practices, promoting policies that encourage humanized, safe and equitable childbirth in Brazil.
Keywords: Cesarean sections; Health; Parturition.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Ketlen Kellen Silva, Luana Mundim Cardoso, Lucivânia Marques Pacheco, João Gabriel de Siqueira Lana, Isabela Ivo dos Santos, Felipe Guelfi Costa, Márcio Aurélio da Silva
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