Dental veneers and their periodontal repercussions: a literature review

Abstract

Introduction: Advances in cosmetic dentistry have popularized dental veneers, both direct and indirect, as restoration options for correcting imperfections in anterior teeth. These restorations, made of ceramic or composite resin, aim at aesthetics and functionality, with techniques ranging from application in a single session (direct) to several sessions with laboratory preparation (indirect). Dental preparation for veneers is minimally invasive, following conservative principles to preserve tooth structure and periodontal health. Objective: To review the literature on the main problems caused by flaws in dental veneer planning and improperly performed techniques and their consequences for periodontal tissues. Methodology: A search was conducted in the Pubmed, Virtual Health Library (BVS), and Google Scholar databases from June to September 2023, in addition to a complementary manual search. Results: Veneers are thin layers of porcelain or composite resin used to correct dental imperfections, offering an aesthetic and long-lasting restoration option. With the increased demand for more aesthetic smiles, direct and indirect veneers have emerged, integrating art and science in smile rehabilitation. However, violation of the biological space during these restorative procedures can lead to periodontal complications, emphasizing the need for a careful and precise approach to ensure favorable long-term aesthetic and functional results. Conclusion: The success of veneers depends on preserving the integrity of the periodontium, highlighting the importance of careful planning and respect for periodontal principles.