EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF LIVE BIRTH WITH CLOSE LIP AND/OR CLOSE PALATE IN THE NORTHEAST REGION BETWEEN 2013 AND 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2025v7n7p322-335Keywords:
Congenital Diseases, Cleft Lip, Cleft Palate, Northeast RegionAbstract
Introduction: Cleft lip and palate (CL/P) is a congenital malformation resulting from incomplete fusion of facial tissues during embryonic development. It is the most common craniofacial anomaly, with a global incidence of approximately 220,000 cases per year and significant regional variation in Brazil. Its etiology is multifactorial, involving genetic and environmental factors, such as maternal smoking and nutritional deficiency. Affected children may suffer functional and social impairments, requiring multidisciplinary monitoring. In the Northeast region, the high incidence highlights the need for epidemiological studies on its prevalence and associated factors. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of live births with cleft lip and/or cleft palate in the Northeast region of Brazil. Methodology: This is a descriptive epidemiological study based on the analysis of secondary data from the Live Birth Information System (SINASC), including the period from 2013 to 2023. The research included live codes with cleft lip and/or palate, initially at the national level and, later, in the Northeast region. The variations tested included characteristics of the newborns (sex and race/color) and maternal profile (age group, type of pregnancy and delivery, number of prenatal consultations, and duration of pregnancy). The data were organized in an electronic spreadsheet and analyzed manually, with calculation of frequencies and proportions. Conclusion: Cleft lip and/or palate was more prevalent in the Southeast, with the Northeast in second place, being the focus of the study. Underreporting may have influenced the data, given the limited infrastructure of the SUS in the region. The study contributes by providing updated data that can support future research and assist maternal and child health managers in allocating resources, planning training to support mothers and strengthening early diagnosis.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Laura Marães Paes, Izadora Pala Toledo, Giovani Tybucheski , Rafael Bento stopa Lopes, Juliana Braga Rodrigues de Castro
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