Clinical challenges in rehabilitation with dental implants in osteoporotic patients

Abstract

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic disease that compromises the density and quality of bone tissue, including alveolar bone, and may influence treatments with dental implants. Despite this, it is not considered an absolute contraindication, with studies indicating success rates between 90.2% and 98%. The use of medications such as bisphosphonates and denosumab, especially intravenously, may increase the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONM). Thus, treatment in osteoporotic patients requires careful evaluation, individualized planning, and conservative surgical techniques, in addition to collaboration with the responsible physician. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the influence of osteoporosis on oral rehabilitation with dental implants, addressing the effects of this condition on osseointegration, the primary stability of implants, and the success rate of the treatment. Methodology: This is a narrative review of recent literature. The search was conducted in scientific databases such as PubMed, Scielo, and Google Scholar, using the descriptors "osteoporosis," "dental implants," "osseointegration," and "rehabilitative treatment." A total of 15 articles published between 2011 and 2025 were included, selected based on relevance, language (Portuguese and English), and focus on clinical aspects of the treatment. The extracted data were organized and analyzed descriptively. Conclusion: It is concluded that osteoporosis does not preclude the use of dental implants, provided that the clinical specificities of the patient are respected. Implantology in individuals with osteoporosis is safe and predictable when guided by careful planning, conservative approaches, and rigorous postoperative monitoring. Further clinical research is needed to strengthen existing protocols and ensure increasingly effective and individualized treatments.