ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE: CHALLENGES FACED BY THE LGBTQIAPN+ POPULATION IN HOMELESS SITUATIONS

Abstract

Introduction: The homeless LGBTQIAPN+ population faces significant challenges, including lack of access to healthcare, especially vaccination campaigns. Social marginalization worsens exposure to preventable and chronic diseases, such as hepatitis and diabetes, while the lack of family support and the use of sex as currency increase vulnerability to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Malnutrition and poor hygiene also harm their health. The absence of inclusive and specific public policies intensifies this marginalization, leading to an increase in diseases and social exclusion. Method: The study used an integrative review of literature from the last five years, without geographic location limitations, collecting data in databases such as LILACS and SciELO. The PICo strategy was applied, addressing the challenges faced by the homeless LGBTQIAPN+ population. The selected articles followed the PRISMA recommendations (2009), focusing on studies that investigated access to health for this population. Inclusion criteria limited the sample to articles in Portuguese and available in full. Result: Studies were analyzed that showed a series of barriers to access to healthcare for the homeless LGBTQIAPN+ population. The results highlighted the prevalence of STDs, the lack of vaccination and the worsening of chronic diseases due to the lack of medical care. Discrimination in health services was constant, leading to this population withdrawing from health services. Other factors addressed included violence, prejudice and family rejection, which make access to basic health and food resources difficult. Discussion: The analysis revealed an interconnection of factors that perpetuate social exclusion and the impact on the health of the homeless LGBTQIAPN+ population. The lack of adequate public policies and social stigma contribute to vulnerability. Insufficient vaccination and marginalization in the health system increase the incidence of disease, while malnutrition and poor hygiene exacerbate the situation. Family rejection and precarious survival practices, such as sex in exchange for resources, intensify risks to mental and physical health. Conclusion: The study reinforces the urgent need for inclusive public policies that guarantee access to health services, psychological support, food and housing for the homeless LGBTQIAPN+ population. Only through integrated actions that address the specificities of this population will it be possible to break the cycle of marginalization and promote health and dignity. Vaccination campaigns, family support networks and mental health programs are essential to face this crisis and ensure a fairer and more inclusive society.