Diagnóstico y tratamiento del Tumor de Brenner: Revisión Sistemática.

Abstract

Introduction: Brenner tumor is a rare ovarian neoplasm constituting 1-3% of all ovarian tumors. Primarily benign, less than 5% can be malignant or borderline, predominantly affecting postmenopausal women. They are often identified through surgical procedures or imaging studies. Objective: This systematic review aims to analyze diagnostic approaches and surgical treatments for Brenner tumor. Methodology: The review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, focusing on a PubMed search from 2020 to 2025, including original studies and case reports with detailed information on surgical and/or oncological management. Results: Of the 25 cases reported, 22 were benign, 2 malignant, and 1 borderline. Most occurred in postmenopausal women, presenting with pelvic or abdominal masses. Imaging techniques such as MRI and CT scans were used. Adnexectomy was the most common surgical procedure, dependent on the tumor's status. Discussion: These tumors generally exhibit a benign course, but early diagnosis is crucial for potentially malignant cases. MRI and CT scans are essential for initial evaluation, although confirmation is histopathological. Genetic differences, such as FGFR3 mutations, are emerging areas in management. Surgery remains the cornerstone of treatment, with potential advances in personalized therapy. Conclusion: Brenner tumors require a personalized approach, tailoring treatment to each patient and potentially utilizing targeted therapies for malignant cases, maintaining a balance between efficacy and quality of life.