Hospitalizations and deaths due to Malignant Neoplasms of the Central Nervous System in Brazil: Epidemiological profile from 2010 to 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Understanding the epidemiological profile of malignant neoplasms of the Central Nervous System (CNS) is crucial for guiding public health policies and enhancing knowledge about the factors influencing their occurrence, progression, and management. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the epidemiological profile of hospitalizations and deaths due to malignant CNS neoplasms in Brazil. Material and Methods: This epidemiological study is based on the analysis of indicators related to hospitalizations and deaths caused by malignant CNS neoplasms in Brazil, covering the period from 2010 to 2023. The data were obtained from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (TABNET/DATASUS). Results: The highest absolute number of hospitalizations occurred in the Southeast Region, primarily among individuals aged 60 to 69, with a higher incidence in males and among those identifying as white. The significant number of hospitalizations in the Southeast may be linked to its high population density. The prevalence in individuals over 60 could be attributed to the accumulation of genetic damage over time and changes in immune response. Additionally, the increased risk among males may be exacerbated by immunosuppression, which is often associated with higher rates of HIV infection in men. The variation in incidence related to race or color may reflect existing racial inequalities in Brazil and the prevalence of certain ethnic groups. Conclusion: Despite the limitations inherent in epidemiological studies, it is essential to emphasize the need for further research into the causal relationships underlying these epidemiological patterns. This knowledge can help improve government strategies aimed at addressing clinical and surgical conditions associated with malignant CNS neoplasms.