Characteristics and Treatments of Aquagenic Urticaria in Minors.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2025v7n5p1549-1559Keywords:
Aquagenic urticaria, pediatrics, antihistamines, diagnosis, treatmentAbstract
Introduction: Aquagenic urticaria (AU) in minors is an uncommon dermatological condition characterized by the appearance of itchy papules following contact with water. Since its identification in 1964, this condition remains enigmatic, possibly due to genetic and immunological factors, although the exact mechanism is not yet fully understood. Objective: To determine the clinical characteristics, pathogenic mechanisms, and options for diagnosis and treatment of AU in the pediatric population. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA model, searching for publications in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO from 2014 to 2024. Results: The results indicate a low prevalence, with a tendency to occur more in females and a possible genetic component. There is a deregulated release of histamine due to hyperreactivity of cutaneous mast cells upon contact with water. Treatment primarily focuses on the use of antihistamines and occasionally omalizumab in refractory cases. Conclusion: AU in minors is rare, requiring accurate diagnosis and therapeutic strategies to improve the quality of life of those affected.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Sara Elizabeth Vinza Enríquez, Andrea Gabriela Cedeño Romero , Kerly Sujeinne Jalón Morales , Ruth Guadalupe Vinza Enríquez , Pierina Angelica Burbano Intriago
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