The Short and zygomatic implants: alternatives in the rehabilitation of atrophic alveolar ridges - literature review

Abstract

Abstract

Short and zygomatic implants are techniques used for the rehabilitation of atrophic maxillas and mandibles. Both methods allow for functional and aesthetic rehabilitation with high predictability, resulting in reduced treatment time and invasive interventions. This work presents a narrative literature review on the use of short and zygomatic implants in the rehabilitation of atrophic maxillas and mandibles. Methods: As methodology, bibliographic searches were conducted in the databases SciELO, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The choice between techniques will depend on various factors, such as bone quality, patient anatomy, and surgical planning. Short implants are a viable and effective option for patients with reduced bone height in the posterior and anterior regions of the mandible and maxilla, providing functional and aesthetic rehabilitation without the need for invasive bone augmentation procedures. Zygomatic implants anchor in the zygomatic bone and are quite long, making it a more complex surgery, indicated for cases of patients who have extremely atrophic maxillas and choose not to undergo bone grafting due to the longer treatment time. It is concluded that short and zygomatic implants are alternative surgical techniques with favorable prognosis indicated for atrophic alveolar ridges, in situations where graft surgery is absent. The choice between one of the methods should be assessed by the implantologist.

Keywords: Dental implants, Oral rehabilitation, Bone resorption.