Impact of Vitamin D on Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Authors

  • Sarah Giovanna Rodrigues Gonçalves Universidade de Rio Verde - Campus Goianésia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9182-2859
  • Samara Gabryela Rodrigues Gonçalves Universidade de Rio Verde - Campus Goianésia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1482-310X
  • Gedson Carlos Rodrigues Faculdade de Educação Montenegro – FAEM
  • Sophia Junqueira Araújo Universidade de Rio Verde - Câmpus Aparecida
  • Luma Gomes Madeira Centro Universitário do Norte (UniNorte)
  • Bruna Tainara dos Santos Universidade de Rio Verde - Campus Goianésia https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5309-8036
  • Vitória Sales Ambrósio Universidade de Rio Verde - Campus Goianésia
  • Victorya Kathleen França Silva Universidade de Rio Verde - Campus Goianésia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2025v7n5p1031-1043

Keywords:

Vitamina D, Diabetes tipo 2, Controle glicêmico

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) is a metabolic condition characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, responsible for serious complications, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular diseases. In addition, factors such as obesity and sedentary lifestyle are strongly associated with T2D. In this context, vitamin D, traditionally related to bone health, has been investigated due to its potential role in modulating glycemic metabolism, especially in patients with T2D. Therefore, it is essential to explore the impact of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control. Objective: To analyze the scientific evidence on the relationship between vitamin D and glycemic control in patients with T2D, addressing the mechanisms involved and evaluating the potential benefit of supplementation. Methodology: This is an integrative review, with searches in the PubMed and Scielo databases, with articles published between 2020 and 2024. Thus, the terms "vitamin D", "type 2 diabetes" and "glycemic control" were used. After applying inclusion criteria, such as peer-reviewed and full-text articles, and exclusion criteria, such as animal studies and literature reviews, 16 articles were selected for analysis. These articles were evaluated for methodology, study population, and main outcomes, such as HbA1c and HOMA-IR. Results and Discussion: The analyzed studies indicated that vitamin D supplementation can significantly reduce fasting blood glucose levels, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR, especially in patients with vitamin D deficiency. In addition, greater benefit was observed in high-dose and short-term supplementation. However, some studies did not show significant benefits, highlighting the need for further investigations that consider factors such as dosage and duration. Conclusion: In summary, vitamin D supplementation has potential as a complementary strategy in the management of T2D, especially in patients with hypovitaminosis D. However, further studies are needed to define ideal protocols that maximize the benefits in glycemic control.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

ABUKANNA, A. M. A. et al. Vitamin D Deficiency as a Risk Factor for Diabetes and Poor Glycemic Control in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review. Cureus, 9 nov. 2023. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38073984/ >.

AFRAIE, M. et al. The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Clinical Trials. Journal of Diabetes Research, v. 2024, n. 1, 1 jan. 2024. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39290798/

ALAIDAROUS, T. A. et al. Impact of the Glycemic Control and Duration of Type 2 Diabetes on Vitamin D Level and Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Journal of diabetes research, v. 2020, p. 1–10, 21 fev. 2020. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32149154/ >.

CHEN, W.; LIU, L.; HU, F. Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, v. 26, n. 12, p. 5713–5726, dez. 2024. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39355942/ >.

DOSSARI, A. et al. Association of vitamin d with glycemic control in Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes: A retrospective chart review study in an emerging university hospital. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, v. 34, n. 2, 30 set. 2019. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31568604/ >.

FARAHMAND, M. A. et al. What is the impact of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in people with type-2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trails. BMC Endocrine Disorders, v. 23, n. 1, 16 jan. 2023. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36647067/ >.

HUSSEIN, H. M. et al. Vitamin D mitigates diabetes-associated metabolic and cognitive dysfunction by modulating gut microbiota and colonic cannabinoid receptor 1. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, v. 170, p. 106105, mar. 2022. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34942358/ >.

KAZEMI, A. et al. Comparison of nutritional supplements for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, v. 191, p. 110037, 1 set. 2022. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35963372/ >.

KIM, M. T. et al. The Differential Role of Vitamin D in Type 2 Diabetes Management and Control in Minority Populations. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, v. 21, n. 6, p. 1266–1274, 11 fev. 2019. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30747313/ >.

KWIENDACZ, H. et al. Relationship of vitamin D deficiency to cardiovascular disease and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: The Silesia Diabetes-Heart Project. Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej-polish Archives of Internal Medicine, 27 fev. 2023. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36856666/ >.

MILLER, E. G. et al. Effects of whey protein plus vitamin D supplementation combined with progressive resistance training on glycaemic control, body composition, muscle function and cardiometabolic risk factors in middle‐aged and older overweight/obese adults with type 2 diabetes: A 24‐week randomized controlled trial. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 19 jan. 2021. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33369020/ >.

POKHREL, S. et al. Vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes population. Open Life Sciences, v. 16, n. 1, p. 464–474, 1 jan. 2021. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34017921/ >.

RAMÍREZ STIEBEN, L. A. et al. Hypovitaminosis D in patients with type 2 diabetes: risk factors and association with glycemic control and established microvascular complications. Revista De La Facultad De Ciencias Medicas, v. 79, n. 3, p. 235–240, 16 set. 2022. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36149074/ >.

SALIH, Y. A. et al. Impact of vitamin D level on glycemic control in diabetes mellitus type 2 in Duhok. Annals of Medicine and Surgery, v. 64, p. 102208, 1 abr. 2021. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33786167/ >.

SUN, X. et al. Effects of Endurance Exercise and Vitamin D Supplementation on Insulin Resistance and Plasma Lipidome in Middle-Aged Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients, v. 15, n. 13, p. 3027–3027, 3 jul. 2023. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37447353/ >.

XIONG, K.; WANG, J.; MA, A. Adjunctive vitamin A and D for the glycaemic control in patients with concurrent type 2 diabetes and tuberculosis: a randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Nutrition, v. 127, n. 4, p. 556–562, 6 abr. 2021. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33820572/ >.

Downloads

Published

2025-05-17

How to Cite

Gonçalves, S. G. R., Gonçalves, S. G. R., Rodrigues, G. C., Araújo, S. J., Madeira, L. G., dos Santos, B. T., Ambrósio, V. S., & Silva, V. K. F. (2025). Impact of Vitamin D on Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences, 7(5), 1031–1043. https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2025v7n5p1031-1043

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 5 (2025): BJIHS QUALIS B3 - FATOR DE IMPACTO SJIF 5.807 - ÍNDICE H 22

Section

Literature Review

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Sarah Giovanna Rodrigues Gonçalves, Samara Gabryela Rodrigues Gonçalves, Gedson Carlos Rodrigues, Sophia Junqueira Araújo, Luma Gomes Madeira, Bruna Tainara dos Santos, Vitória Sales Ambrósio, Victorya Kathleen França Silva

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors are copyright holders under a CCBY 4.0 license.