A DOENÇA DE CROHN E COLITE ULCERATIVA: UMA ANÁLISE DE DADOS EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS DA MORBIDADE HOSPITALAR DO SUS

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized as complex inflammatory disorders that occur over the long term and mainly affect genetically predisposed individuals. IBD consists of a group of heterogeneous pathologies of clinical entities that affect the gastrointestinal tract, due to infections caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoa, ischemia, radiation and also idiopathically, the main representatives being Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Therefore, due to the increase in IBD cases, this study aims to analyze the occurrence of hospitalizations and the epidemiological profile of patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in Brazil, between the months of January to July 2023. of a descriptive epidemiological study, with a quantitative approach. Data were collected from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), Brazil was selected as the study scenario, with the data distributed by region, the following variables were selected: hospitalizations, sex (male and female), character service, age range (< 1 year to ≥ 80 years), average length of stay and hospital costs. The data presented here were collected in August 2023. The tabulation and descriptive analysis of the data took place in the same period of collection, using the Microsoft Office Excel program (Microsoft©, 2013). Calculations were made using absolute and relative frequency. 3,701 hospitalizations were reported in the SUS for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in Brazil. The southeast region has the highest percentage of cases with 46.6% (n=1,726), followed by the northeast and south regions, with 26.3% (n=974) and 16.3% (n=604), respectively. The female population demonstrated a higher incidence of hospitalizations, corresponding to a percentage of 52.1%. Regarding the nature of care, 76.1% of hospitalizations were urgent and 23.9% were elective. The peak occurs in the age group of 20 to 29 years of age (n=605), followed by the age group of 30 to 39 years (n=577) and 40 to 49 years of age (n=562). The southern region has the highest average hospital stay of 7.5 days. DC and CU caused an impact of 3.8 million reais on the SUS. There are still few studies that analyze the epidemiological profile of the disease in Brazil and around the world, and its genesis is not yet fully understood. Therefore, it is essential to carry out more studies on these diseases, in order to better elucidate the behavior of the disease in the Brazilian scenario, since knowing the profile of this pathology will make it possible to establish prophylactic methods, diagnose it early and consequently avoid and reduce the complications in already affected patients.