Postoperative Complications in Abdominal Surgery: A Review of the Most Common Complications Following Abdominal Surgeries, Such as Infections, Incisional Hernias, and Intestinal Obstructions.

Abstract

This review article addresses postoperative complications in abdominal surgery, with a focus on infections, incisional hernias, and intestinal obstructions. These complications pose significant challenges that impact patient recovery and quality of life. Postoperative infections, ranging from superficial infections to peritonitis, are a common concern, increasing medical costs and health risks. Guideline-based antimicrobial prophylaxis is effective in prevention, but bacterial resistance and ongoing research are critical areas. Incisional hernias are chronic complications that affect patients' quality of life. Prevention strategies include enhanced surgical techniques and the use of biomaterials. Long-term surveillance is crucial for early recurrence detection. Potentially life-threatening intestinal obstructions require prompt diagnosis and treatment. Collaboration among specialists is vital for assessment and treatment planning. Minimally invasive approaches and pharmacological therapies are in development. Prevention, early detection, and appropriate treatment are key. A multidisciplinary approach and care coordination are essential. This article highlights the importance of enhancing the understanding and management of these complex complications, aiming to optimize surgical outcomes and improve the quality of life of patients after abdominal surgeries.