DESCRIPTION OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION OF HUMAN SPOROTRICHOSIS IN THE STATE OF AMAZONAS

Abstract

Introduction: Sporotrichosis is a mycosis caused by the fungus of the species Sporothrix schenckii, which inhabits nature and is present in soil, straw, vegetables, thorns, and wood. Transmission occurs through inoculation of the fungus into the skin through scratches or bites from animals, contact with soil or vegetables. Objective: To carry out the epidemiological description of sporotrichosis cases in Amazonas between 2022 and 2023. Methodology: retrospective descriptive study with public data available in the FVS-AM Epidemiological Bulletin. Results: Between January 2022 and December 2023, 5,016 cases of Sporotrichosis infection were reported in Brazil and only 8 states in Brazil had notification of this condition. It was observed more frequently among females in the age group between 20 and 59 years (65%). In the two years, the states of the Federation that reported the most cases of this infection in the South Region, Minas Gerais-MG and Paraná-PR, which together reached 21.8% of all cases reported in Brazil. In this same period (2022 and 2023), Amazonas-AM reported 630 cases, which is equivalent to 12.5% ​​of the total number of cases in all of Brazil. Of these, the majority were animal caretakers/handlers/guardians (71.3%), and the remainder were those who lived on farms and had contact with land and forest environments (12.2%). Conclusion: Since the main prevention and control measure to be taken is to avoid direct exposure to the fungus, public policies must be created to guide the general population, especially rural populations.