ANALYSIS OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF MORTALITY DUE TO ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN YOUNG ADULTS IN BRAZIL BETWEEN 2019 AND 2024

Abstract

Introduction: The study addresses cardiovascular diseases, focusing on Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI), a critical condition affecting young adults in Brazil. AMI occurs due to the obstruction of atherosclerotic plaques, resulting in myocardial damage and high mortality, especially in this age group. Objectives: To evaluate the epidemiological profile of mortality from AMI in young adults in Brazil between 2019 and 2024, considering variables such as sex, age, ethnicity, hospitalizations, deaths, and regional distribution to identify patterns and associated factors. Methodology: The study was descriptive and observational, with data collected from DATASUS and IBGE on hospitalizations, deaths, and mortality rates. Variables such as sex, age, and region were analyzed. The theoretical basis included a review of articles published between 2019 and 2024, using specific keywords and inclusion criteria. Results and discussion: There were 13,408 hospitalizations and 541 deaths recorded, with a male predominance (75.73% hospitalizations; 65.25% deaths). The most affected age group was 30-34 years (56.62% hospitalizations; 52.68% deaths). The Southeast region accounted for 41.04% of deaths. White (41.22%) and mixed-race (29.02%) individuals were the most affected, though gaps in ethnic reporting were noted. Most cases occurred in emergency care settings (93.58% hospitalizations; 95.93% deaths). Conclusion: It was concluded that AMI in young individuals reflects socioeconomic inequalities and challenges in accessing preventive and emergency healthcare. Multisectoral strategies are urgently needed to improve health education, prevent AMI, and provide appropriate management, especially for vulnerable populations.