Cirurgia de Terceiro Molar Impactado

Abstract

Impacted third molars, known as wisdom teeth, are common due to lack of space or obstruction in the dental arch. They may not cause symptoms, but in many cases, they end up causing pain, infection and even damage to neighboring teeth. Studies indicate that between 30% and 60% of individuals with impacted and asymptomatic wisdom teeth may need extraction due to future complications. Impaction of the lower third molar often occurs due to lack of space in the dental arch, which can result in cavities, infections, cysts and even root resorption. Diagnosis is made through clinical and radiographic examination, and is classified according to the Winter and Pell & Gregory systems. Removal of the impacted tooth may be indicated both prophylactically and for therapeutic reasons. In view of this, pathologies such as pericoronitis and periodontitis may arise. Inverted teeth, where the crown is facing downwards, are a rare condition, more common in the jaw. Diagnosis, essential for surgical planning, is made through radiographic examinations. Although extraction may be necessary, it involves risks, such as infection and alveolar fracture, and careful planning is essential to avoid complications

Keywords: Third molars; Dental impaction; Surgical extraction; Dental complications; Radiographic diagnosis.