O impacto da microbiota cutânea na resposta terapêutica da dermatite atópica

Abstract

This is an integrative literature review. It was possible to structure the following guiding question: "What are the impacts of skin microbiota on the therapeutic response of atopic dermatitis?". A survey was carried out through the electronic library, the Virtual Health Library (VHL), and the following databases were selected: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Medical Literatures Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE). The descriptors consulted in the Science and Health Descriptors (DeCS) in February 2025 were used, namely: "Microbiota", "Atopic dermatitis" and "Therapeutics", using the Boolean operator AND between the descriptors when combined. After applying the eligibility criteria, a total of ten selected articles were used. According to the studies found, the skin microbiota of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) differs significantly from the microbiota of healthy individuals. One of the most frequently observed changes is the reduction in microbial diversity, i.e., the number of different species of microorganisms present on the skin. This decrease in diversity can lead to an imbalance in the microbial community, making the skin more vulnerable to infections and inflammation. In short, the skin microbiota emerges as a crucial player in the intricate scenario of atopic dermatitis (AD), exerting an influence on both the pathogenesis of the disease and the response to treatments. The changes observed in the microbiota of patients with AD, such as the reduction in diversity and the increase in the abundance of specific species, such as Staphylococcus aureus, contribute to skin barrier dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and exacerbation of symptoms.