O PAPEL DA CIRURGIA PEDIÁTRICA NO TRATAMENTO DA OBESIDADE: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2025v7n2p1858-1876Keywords:
Obesidade; Cirurgia; Pediatria.Abstract
Bariatric surgery has become a viable alternative for treating pediatric obesity in cases where conservative approaches have failed. This narrative review analyzed the available literature on the subject, based on studies published between 2018 and 2024 in the PubMed, Medline, Virtual Health Library (VHL), UpToDate, and LILACS databases. Twenty articles were selected, addressing preoperative screening, surgical techniques and their mechanisms of action, treatment outcomes, and associated complications.Findings highlight that preoperative screening is crucial for appropriately selecting candidates, considering clinical, psychological, and social criteria. Among surgical techniques, vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) are the most commonly performed procedures, with VSG being preferred due to a lower risk of nutritional deficiencies. Results indicate sustained reductions in body mass index (BMI) and remission of metabolic comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes and hypertension. However, long-term multidisciplinary follow-up is essential to mitigate complications such as nutritional deficiencies and psychosocial impacts. In conclusion, pediatric bariatric surgery is an effective option for reducing severe obesity and its comorbidities, provided that a rigorous selection process and appropriate postoperative follow-up are ensured.
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