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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity are interrelated conditions with high global prevalence and significant cardiometabolic health impact. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), such as Semaglutide, and dual GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) agonists, such as Tirzepatide, have emerged as effective therapeutic options for glycemic control and weight reduction. However, no meta-analyses have directly compared the efficacy of these two therapies in populations with T2DM and obesity. This study, conducted following PRISMA guidelines, assessed differences in metabolic efficacy (ΔHbA1c, Δfasting glucose), weight reduction (% total weight loss and fat mass reduction), and cardiovascular safety (MACE, heart failure hospitalizations). The results indicate that Tirzepatide demonstrates superior HbA1c reduction and weight loss compared to Semaglutide, although differences in safety and treatment adherence should be considered. The lack of long-term data and the heterogeneity of analyzed studies highlight the need for further research to optimize therapeutic choices across different clinical profiles.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Matheus Jannuzzi Moreira de Mendonça, Marcelo Mendes Ribeiro, Patrícia Meneses de Sousa Santos, Thiago Souza Azevedo, Higor Rafael de Figueiredo Oliveira, Hugo de Sousa Leal Neto, Júlia Michelini Pedrinelli Santos, Ana Beatriz de Queiroz Buchler de Magalhães, Emilly Louise Rodrigues Oliveira, André Luiz Baptista Galvão, Maria Augusta Maia e Souza Beserra, Thiago Lúcio dos Santos