Keywords
Pediatrics
Gastrointestinal Disorders
How to Cite
Abstract
Functional constipation (FC) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by difficult and infrequent bowel movements, significantly impacting children’s quality of life. This study is a systematic review conducted using the PubMed, SciELO, and BVS Periódicos databases, including articles published between 2010 and 2024. Studies in Portuguese, English, and Spanish addressing clinical and epidemiological aspects of FC were selected. Functional constipation is the most common cause of constipation in children, with the highest incidence occurring between 2 and 4 years of age, coinciding with the toilet-training period. Its prevalence varies according to cultural and environmental factors. Studies indicate a higher risk in children who are formula-fed, sedentary, and have low fiber intake. Psychological disorders and family factors also contribute to the condition. Diagnosis follows the Rome IV criteria and requires a detailed history and physical examination, reserving complementary tests for specific cases. Treatment involves four stages: education, disimpaction, maintenance with laxatives, and bowel retraining. A balanced diet and physical activity are essential for recovery. The combination of lifestyle changes and the rational use of laxatives improves prognosis, while continuous family follow-up is crucial to prevent relapses and complications, ensuring a better quality of life for affected children.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Anita dos Santos Cardoso, Laura Bittencourt de Oliveira, Julia Gatto de Oliveira, André de Abreu Guilherme Raimundo, Eduarda Deluca Müller, Julia Marchiori Romero, Vanessa Caldardo Lemes da Silva, Yago Marcelino Maciel, Cintia Tomaz Rosa, Camille Teza Vilain, Tayná Tomaz de Oliveira, Isadora Alves Pedroso
