Perfil de pacientes para avaliação cardiovascular pré-operatória em um ambulatório

Abstract

The estimation of surgical risk is crucial to inform surgeons, teams, and patients about the benefits and risks of the procedure. This study analyzed the epidemiological profile, prevalence of heart diseases, socioeconomic characteristics, requested exams, and patient severity based on cardiac indexes. It was an observational, descriptive, and quantitative study that used a specific questionnaire for patients seen at the cardiology service of the institution between October and December 2018 and February and March 2019. Before starting the study, it was submitted to the Ethics and Research Committee for evaluation and authorization, following Resolution No. 466/2012, and was approved under CAAE No. 92046418.5.0000.5211. The sample included 10 patients assessed for surgical risk, representing 22.2% of the consultations. Among the conditions, 70% had systemic arterial hypertension and 20% had a history of myocardial infarction. Women (60%), adults aged 55–59 years (30%), married individuals (80%), those with an income of 1–3 minimum wages (70%), and individuals with 11 or more years of schooling (40%) predominated. The requested exams included blood count, coagulation test, renal function, fasting glucose, and electrocardiogram. According to the Lee Index Algorithm, 50% had very low risk, and 80% had low risk according to the ACP Algorithm. It was concluded that hypertension was the main condition, and most patients presented a low surgical risk.