FATORES DE RISCO PARA OSTEORRADIONECROSE EM PACIENTES SUBMETIDOS A RADIOTERAPIA: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

Abstract

Osteoradionecrosis is considered one of the worst complications of radiotherapy for patients who have received treatment for cancer in the facial and oral region, leading to the death of healthy bone tissue that received radiation during treatment. Although this complication is well known, and there are protocols that supposedly reduce its incidence, its risk factors are still widely studied and debated in the scientific community. Research results indicate different conclusions about these factors, making it difficult to reduce cases when using evidence-based medicine.

The study analyzed the relationship between risk factors for osteoradionecrosis (ORN) in patients undergoing oral radiotherapy. This is a systematic review, with criteria that include the publication of articles from January 2020 onwards, the inclusion of at least 10 patients treated with radiotherapy in the orofacial region for at least 2 years, and the conclusion about the relationship or not of ORN with radiotherapy. The articles were selected for analysis.

After multivariate analysis of medical record data, a correlation was made between oral radiotherapy, osteoradionecrosis, and risk factors for the onset of the condition. The results found were based on a large database from the PubMed platform up to June 2023, and we used the ROBIS tool to analyze the risk of bias. We obtained a robust statistical relationship between the main risk factors and the development of ORN, serving as a basis for future protocols and standards in the radiotherapy specialty, with the aim of reducing complications of oral radiotherapy treatment.

This study did not require external funding to be completed, as it was fully funded by the authors.