Epidemiological analysis of toxoplasmosis acquired during pregnancy from 2019 to 2023 in the state of Paraíba

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Toxoplasmosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii, poses a significant risk during pregnancy, potentially leading to complications such as ocular and neurological alterations in newborns. OBJECTIVE: Outline the epidemiological profile of pregnant women diagnosed with toxoplasmosis in the state of Paraíba. METHODOLOGY: Describe the epidemiological profile. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: In Brazil, the incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis ranges from 4 to 10 cases per 10,000 live births, with most cases being asymptomatic. Between 2019 and 2023, 773 cases of gestational toxoplasmosis were recorded in Paraíba, with higher prevalence among pregnant women aged 20 to 39 and in the second trimester of pregnancy. The analysis revealed gaps in the educational data of pregnant women, with 30% of data unreported, hindering the identification of vulnerability patterns. CONCLUSION: The genetic diversity of the protozoan and the risk of reinfection require comprehensive preventive approaches, emphasizing serological screening and equitable access to healthcare services, especially in vulnerable areas. The research highlights the need to strengthen public health policies to reduce incidence and protect maternal and child health.