Are patients on antiresorbtive drug therapy at increased risk of developing jaw osteonecrosis after dental implant surgery?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2024v6n11p1233-1249Keywords:
Bisphosphonates, Dental Implants, OsteonecrosisAbstract
Objective: The objective of this systematic review was to analyze the association of antiresorptive drugs and the occurrence of failures in rehabilitation with dental implants. Materials and Methods: This systematic review was prepared according to the PRISMA standards using the PubMED/MEDLINE database. Two evaluators searched for open-access English-language articles published between 2012 and 2023 (inclusive) that addressed the PICO issue. Studies in which patients using antiresorptive drugs had undergone dental implant surgery were included. In addition, case-controls, case series, and retrospective and prospective observational studies were included in the search. Results: Initially, a total of 39 articles were obtained from the database; after removing duplicate studies and those that did not meet the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 21 articles remained. After reading the title and abstract, 5 articles were obtained for full reading and eligibility assessment. Finally, 4 articles were included in this systematic review. This systematic review analyzed 163 patients with a history of antiresorptive use (128 women and 35 men). In the studies evaluated, 34 implants were lost. The patients' ages ranged from 54 to 87 years. The antiresorptive therapy used among the patients included: Alendronate, Zoledronate, Alendronate + Denosumab, Ibandronate and Pamidronate. Most of the lesions were located predominantly in the posterior areas. The follow-up period ranged from 12 to 60 months. Conclusion: Considering the limitations found in this study, a higher risk of implant failure was observed in patients undergoing intravenous antiresorptive therapy and the presence of associated comorbidities. In order to obtain more conclusive evidence, future prospective randomized studies with longer follow-up should be performed to accurately assess the impact of these medications on the success of implant treatment.
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