Demystifying parabens: the truth behind cosmetic preservatives

Abstract

Parabens are common preservatives in cosmetics and act to extend their shelf life by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms. Despite being widely used, parabens generate controversy, with studies investigating their potential health risks, aiming to clarify doubts and inform consumers and health professionals. From this perspective, the study aims to investigate the use of parabens as cosmetic preservatives, aiming to demystify popular beliefs and provide a more precise understanding of their role in the formulation of cosmetic products. The methodological approach is based on a bibliographic review collected from the indexing databases: Scorpus, Semantic Scholar and Pubmed, guided by the keywords: Parabens; Cosmetic preservatives; Pharmaceutical care, available in Portuguese and English, between 2019 and 2024. This article shows that parabens are effective preservatives in cosmetics, but their safe use depends on compliance with the concentrations regulated by agencies such as ANVISA and FDA. Consumer safety is guaranteed by continuous monitoring of products containing these compounds, following European Union standards to ensure the safe use of these preservatives, balancing efficacy and safety for the industry and the consumer. Thus, it is possible to conclude that parabens are effective preservatives in cosmetics, combating fungi and bacteria in low concentrations. Despite criticism, studies prove their safety when used within the limits established by international regulations, helping consumers make more informed choices about cosmetic products, strengthening confidence in the cosmetics market.