Mirizzi syndrome: therapeutic updates

Abstract

Introduction: Mirizzi Syndrome (MS) is characterized by external obstruction of the hepatic duct by a gallstone present in the gallbladder infundibulum or the cystic duct. Although it is a rare condition, affecting about 2.7% of patients with cholelithiasis, it is of great importance as it can lead to severe conditions, primarily presenting with abdominal pain, obstructive jaundice, nausea, vomiting, fever, anorexia, and weight loss. The prognosis of MS is favorable when classified as type I; however, when the classification is more severe, with the presence of fistulas, for instance, postoperative morbidity increases by approximately 10%. Therefore, it is evident that the treatment of MS involves more complexities compared to other diseases affecting the biliary system. Thus, this study is justified by the aim of clarifying and highlighting therapeutic updates related to MS. Methodology: This study is a systematic review of other works found in the Virtual Health Library database. Results: Six articles were screened to compose this study, using the PRISMA and PICOS methods for selection. Conclusion: The treatment of Mirizzi Syndrome is not standardized, depending on the classification, the patient's condition, and the resources available in healthcare services for therapeutic management.