Keywords
Oral manifestations;
Head and neck neoplasms;
Treatment.
How to Cite
Abstract
Objective: This integrative review aims to identify and evaluate the main orofacial changes resulting from radiotherapy treatment in patients with head and neck cancer. Materials and methods: The bibliographic survey was carried out through online access to the following databases: Virtual Health Library (BVS Brasil), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Brazilian Bibliography of Dentistry (BBO), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (MEDLINE) and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (PubMed). The search was performed using language filters, selecting English, Spanish and Portuguese, using the following descriptors: “Radiotherapy”, “Head and neck neoplasm” and “Oral Manifestations” and also through manual search, in a time interval of 10 years (2014-2024). Results: Most studies were conducted in Brazil and the United States, followed by Canada, Australia, Germany and Cuba. The duration of the studies ranged from 3 to 41 months and the sample size was 4 to 216 patients. Regarding gender, it was possible to notice a variation of 2 to 66 patients in the female gender, while in the male gender it varied from 10 to 168. Regarding the age group, the average ranged from 12.7 to 65.9 and when it comes to the place of study, it is clear that there was a predominance of patients in the public service. Regarding the measurement of the total dose of Grays (Gy) administered, it is possible to notice a variation from 0 Gy to 74 Gy and the number of sessions varied from 30 to 56. The main oral manifestation resulting from radiotherapy for the head and neck region is oral mucositis with variation from 8.1% to 100%, followed by xerostomia 92% to 100%, ulceration 0% to 100%, dysgeusia 0% to 96%, loss of taste 0% to 91.6%, candidiasis 0% to 66.7% and osteoradionecrosis 0% to 25.5%. Conclusion: The main orofacial manifestation resulting from radiotherapy treatment in patients with head and neck cancer is oral mucositis. These lesions can negatively interfere with the course of oncological therapy, and therefore, dental monitoring is necessary.
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