CARDIOPATIAS CONGÊNITAS NO ADULTO: MANEJO E COMPLICAÇÕES

Abstract

This review examines the management and complications associated with adult congenital heart disease (CHD), a growing population due to advancements in early diagnosis and treatment of these conditions. Initially, the importance of the topic is discussed, highlighting the increasing prevalence of adults with CHD and the unique challenges they face during the transition from pediatric to adult cardiology care. The methodology employed involved a systematic search of major scientific databases, using specific terms and stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria to select relevant studies published up to April 2023. The results were synthesized into four main topics: clinical and surgical management, long-term complications, transition of care and psychosocial aspects, and therapeutic interventions and technological innovations. The review revealed that a multidisciplinary approach is essential for the effective management of adult CHD, considering both medical and surgical interventions as well as psychosocial support. Additionally, common complications such as renal and hepatic dysfunctions were identified, requiring continuous monitoring. Technological innovations, such as 3D printing and remote monitoring devices, have shown promise in improving clinical outcomes. In the discussion, the implications of the results are highlighted, emphasizing the need for well-structured transition programs and the integration of specialized clinical care with psychosocial support. The study’s limitations include the temporal restriction of data sources and the heterogeneity of the analyzed studies. The conclusion reinforces the importance of a holistic and personalized approach in managing adult CHD, underscoring the need for ongoing research and interdisciplinary collaboration to enhance the quality of life and health outcomes for this population.