Conduta Cirúrgica na Insuficiência Venosa Crônica

Abstract

Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a condition that encompasses various pathological changes (lower limb edema, trophic skin changes, and discomfort) secondary to venous hypertension. The treatment of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) involves several approaches, including conservative therapies, pharmacological treatments, and more invasive interventions such as sclerotherapy, endovenous laser ablation (EVLA), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and surgical ligation. This is an integrative study of descriptive and explanatory nature. Regarding varicose vein recurrence, there is little to no difference between the Cure conservatrice et Hemodynamique de l'Insufficience Veineuse en Ambulatoire (CHIVA) technique and the EVLA, RFA, or stripping methods. Another alternative is ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy, which, although associated with a high recurrence rate, can be used in combination with other treatments. Thus, methods such as mechanochemical ablation and cyanoacrylate embolization appear promising, but further studies are needed to confirm their effectiveness. In conclusion, although there are various approaches for treating varicose veins, the choice between conservative and surgical treatment depends on the severity of symptoms and patient preference. Surgical procedures, such as great saphenous vein ablation, have shown a high success rate, with significant improvements in pain symptoms and quality of life compared to conservative treatment.