IMPACTOS E IMPORTÂNCIA DA PROFILAXIA ANTIBIÓTICA EM CIRURGIA GERAL

Abstract

Antibiotic prophylaxis plays a crucial role in preventing surgical site infections (SSI), which are frequent complications in general surgeries. Proper administration of prophylactic antibiotics reduces bacterial load and prevents infectious complications that can prolong recovery time, increase hospital costs, and compromise patient safety. Additionally, rational use of these medications is essential to prevent the emergence of bacterial resistance, a growing challenge in modern medicine. This study conducted a literature review based on articles published between 2013 and 2023, selected from databases such as PubMed, BVS, Scielo, and Google Scholar. The results confirm that antibiotic prophylaxis effectively reduces SSIs, especially when first-generation cephalosporins are used correctly, in single doses, and according to hospital infection control guidelines. Judicious and rational use of prophylactic antibiotics not only prevents postoperative complications but also reduces the incidence of bacterial resistance.