TENDÊNCIAS RECENTES NO TRATAMENTO DE LESÕES DO LIGAMENTO CRUZADO: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA

Abstract

Cruciate ligament injuries, especially anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, are among the most common causes of knee instability and functional impairment in athletes and active individuals. This review article aims to explore recent trends in the treatment of these injuries, based on a detailed analysis of the literature from recent years. We address advances in surgical reconstruction techniques, the use of biological and synthetic grafts, and the growing emphasis on early and individualized rehabilitation. Additionally, new paradigms in conservative management for specific cases are discussed, as well as the role of regenerative therapy, such as the use of stem cells and growth factors. This study highlights controversies surrounding graft selection, the comparison between anatomical and non-anatomical reconstruction techniques, and the importance of biomechanics in the success of treatment. We conclude that, although the advances are promising, more long-term studies are needed to validate the effectiveness of these new approaches and optimize long-term functional outcomes. This abstract provides a comprehensive and updated view, suitable for a review on contemporary treatments for cruciate ligament injuries.