MORBIDITY FROM DIABETES MELLITUS IN BRAZIL: AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic condition characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, being mainly classified into type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). T2DM, the most prevalent among the elderly, is often associated with obesity and aging, gradually manifesting with insulin resistance and partial insufficiency of insulin secretion by beta cells (B2C). On the other hand, T1DM results from autoimmune deficiency of beta cells. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate the epidemiology of DM in Brazil, from January 2013 to June 2024. Methodology: A descriptive epidemiological study was carried out using data from the health information department of the SUS. The variables analyzed included hospitalizations, deaths, age, sex, region and average duration of hospitalizations. Results: In this sense, the 1,402,174 data collected in this study made it evident that in Brazil we had more hospitalizations in the southeast region with 502,801 cases, which was also recorded with a higher number of deaths, being 23,255, and also higher hospital service costs, being R$409,727,657.43 with 3,320,043 days of hospital stay. patients aged 60 to 64 years were the most affected, these data suggest that the incidence of DM and its complications tends to increase with age, which may be related to the accumulation of risk factors. Regarding color/race, more brown patients are more affected. Conclusion: Therefore, Diabetes Mellitus affects a large part of the population and its prevalence has increased over time. It is crucial to highlight that, although there is no cure for diabetes, its proper management is essential, as lack of control can lead to several complications and risks to the patient's health.