PRINCIPAIS COMPLICAÇÕES CARDIOVASCULARES DECORRENTES DA HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL SISTÊMICA.

Abstract

Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) is a multifactorial condition, defined as a persistent increase in blood pressure levels in the absence of antihypertensive medications. It has a high risk of developing chronic cardiovascular complications, where the evolution to structural changes is permanent. The high incidence of this pathology and the flawed control by the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) make its complications, such as cardiovascular complications, a public health problem, thus requiring exorbitant expenses for the government and long-lasting consequences for those affected. Assuming that the treatment of SAH aims to reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels to values ​​below 140/90 mmHg, according to the Brazilian Guidelines for Arterial Hypertension, this action aims to reduce the risks of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In this context, the main cardiovascular complications are described as: Stroke, Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI), Heart Failure (HF), Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). According to the data reported in DATASUS, it is observed that these complications represent 28% of fatal cases with registered deaths, in relation to all groups of causes in the period from 2014 to 2023. It is therefore suggested that deaths in the country continue to contrast technological advances in health and improvements in the quality of access to services provided to the population, becoming an educational and behavioral fact. Thus, regarding the data analyzed, the main problem of hypertension in the development of adverse cardiovascular events is non-adherence to medication and treatments, these being the main challenges where around 40% of patients report therapeutic failure. Finally, combating cardiovascular risk factors, especially this hypertension pathology, is extremely important for preventing deaths.