A Utilização da Tomografia Computadorizada de Alta Resolução (TCAR) no Diagnóstico Precoce de Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática (FPI)

Abstract

The objective of this article is to analyze the application of High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) in the early diagnosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), emphasizing its effectiveness in identifying early signs of the disease and discussing its advantages and limitations compared to other diagnostic methods. This study is an integrative literature review that examines the advances and perspectives of High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) in the early diagnosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). The research was conducted in the Google Scholar, Scielo, and PubMed databases, using the descriptors "Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease," "Pulmonary Fibrosis," "Diagnostic imaging," and "Emission computed tomography." Articles published between 2020 and 2024, in Portuguese or English, with full access and direct relevance to the topic, were included. Theses, dissertations, paid or incomplete articles, and materials outside the established period were excluded. The results show that HRCT is effective in the early diagnosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), with high sensitivity and specificity for identifying early interstitial patterns. However, limitations arise in patients with comorbidities or examination difficulties, highlighting the importance of careful interpretation of findings. HRCT is a significant advancement in the early diagnosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), allowing for the detection of early lung lesions and the rapid initiation of treatment. Studies confirm its effectiveness, but its limitations must be considered, especially in patients with difficulties undergoing the examination. Collaboration between radiology, pulmonology, and multidisciplinary teams is crucial for the effective use of HRCT, and future technological advances promise to further enhance this diagnostic tool.