Epidemiology of hospitalizations for Multiple Sclerosis between 2020 and 2022

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, degenerative disease of the central nervous system that leads to a variety of neurological symptoms due to inflammation and demyelination. This study explores the epidemiology of hospitalizations for MS in Brazil between 2020 and 2022, focusing on regional variations, prevalence and associated risk factors. The study investigated the epidemiology of hospitalizations for multiple sclerosis (MS) in Brazil from 2020 to 2022, analyzing aspects such as regional variations, prevalence and risk factors. The research used a quantitative and retrospective epidemiological methodology, based on data from the SUS Hospital Information System, with analysis focused on demographic and clinical variables using Microsoft Excel. The results indicated a higher incidence of hospitalizations in the Southeast region, possibly due to better health infrastructure and greater population density. There was a general increase in the number of hospitalizations throughout the analyzed period, with emphasis on the significant increase in the Central-West region. The discussion suggests that the increase in cases can be attributed to greater awareness and advances in diagnosis. The coexistence of MS with other comorbidities was also noted, reinforcing the need for integrated treatment and public health approaches that guarantee equitable access to diagnosis and treatment, especially in regions with the highest number of hospitalizations. The study highlights the importance of informed health policies adapted to regional characteristics for effective management of MS in Brazil.